Rainbow trout liver S9 subcellular fractions

Pooled Fish S9 fractions – a new in-vitro model System.

Animals like Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have been used in vivo by researchers for decades to assess bioaccumulation, metabolism, and environmental risk of chemicals, including drugs, xenobiotics, cosmetics, fragrances, flavoring substances, herbicides and crop protection products. Apart from Zebrafish, Rainbow trout is the best-studied fish species.

The OECD Test Guideline 319B, Determination of in vitro intrinsic clearance using cryopreserved rainbow trout liver S9 sub-cellular fractions (RT-S9), was released on June 27, 2018. PRIMACYT now offers cryopreserved pools of rainbow trout liver S9 fractions prepared and characterized in accordance with this guideline.

PRIMACYT is one of the pioneers in the development of advanced in vitro model systems. We are a leading company in the field of research of human and animal hepatocytes. We offer fresh and cryopreserved animal hepatocytes in suspension and plated.

PRIMACYT is approved by the European Commission as an EU Reference Laboratory for Alternatives to Animal Testing (EURL ECVAM) since 2013 and serves as member of the laboratory network responsible for the method validation.

Our colleagues are professionals and undergo continuous training in the preparation, isolation and cryopreservation of hepatocytes in general, including related co-products, methods and tools. We are a GLP certified laboratory since 2006.

Rainbow Trout – a new in-vitro System

More recently, researchers of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), DuPont Haskell, the University of Bern and Fraunhofer IME have introduced trout liver S9 fractions as a reliable in-vitro system for bioaccumulation and clearances studies.

Measurements of biotransformation rates in primary fish subcellular fractions can be scaled up to the whole animal and thereby can provide data used in computational models to predict chemical bio-concentration factors in animals (K.A. Faye et al. 2014, I. Bischof et al. 2016).

These and other supporting research results lead to the implementation of OECD Test Guidelines 319A and 319B on the determination of intrinsic clearance using cryopreserved rainbow trout hepatocytes and liver S9 subcellular fractions.

Access the webpage for this guideline and download the document:

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Tust M., Kohler M., Lagojda A, and Lamshoeft M: Comparison of the in vitro assays to investigate the hepatic metabolism of seven pesticides in Cyprinus carpio and Oncorhynchus mykiss.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130254

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Regnery J., Riegraf C., Jacob S., and Friesen A.: New insights on in vitro biotransformation of anticoagulant rodenticides in fish. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133727

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Laue H., Hostettler L., Jenner K. J., Sanders G., and Natsch A.: Bioconcentration Assessment in Fish Based on In Vitro Intrinsic Clearance: Predictivity of an Empirical Model Compared to In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation Models. https://doi.org./10.1021/acs.est.3c02216

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Tea L.M. Pihlaja, Jade Pätsi, Elisa Ollikainen, Tiina M. Sikanen: Comparative in vitro hepatic clearances of commonly used antidepressants, antipsychotics and anti-inflammatory agents in rainbow trout liver S9 fractions
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107048

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Tea Pihlaja, Timo Oksanen, Netta Vinkvist, Tiina Sikanen: Many human pharmaceuticals are weak inhibitors of the cytochrome P450 system in rainbow trout liver S9 fractions
https://doi.org/10.3389/ftox.2024.1406942

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In accordance with OECD guideline 319B PRIMACYT now offers S9 subcellular fractions from rainbow trout kept under controlled conditions at Fraunhofer Institute for Marine Biotechnology and Cell Technology for at least two weeks in continuous flow water. Each lot is comprehensively tested for  Cytochrome P450/Phase I and Phase II activities.

This info refers to the product data below:

• Inventory: Number of vials available as of date of last update. Availability of vials may have changed since that date by interim orders.
• Characterization: Denotes assays that have been performed to characterize the products.
• To print lot information, please select the print icon at the end of the lists below. For research use only.
• Not intended for human or animal diagnostic or therapeutic use.

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This info refers to the product data below:

Download MSDS